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2009-03-09T09:31:00.000-07:00

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2009-03-04T10:06:00.000-08:00

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CONFERENCE CALLING

2009-03-04T08:56:00.000-08:00

CONFERENCE CALL, CONFERENCE CALLING, CONFERENCE CALLING SERVICES, CONFERENCE CALLING COMPANIES, CONFERENCE CALLING CENTERS

Businesses use conference calls daily to meet with remote parties, both internally and outside of their company. Common applications are client meetings or sales presentations, project meetings and updates, regular team meetings, training classes and communication to employees who work in different locations. Conference calling is viewed as a primary means of cutting travel costs and allowing workers to be more productive by not having to go out-of-office for meetings.

Conference calls are used by nearly all United States public corporations to report their quarterly results. These calls usually allow for questions from stock analysts and are called earnings calls. A standard conference call begins with a disclaimer stating that anything said in the duration of the call may be a forward looking statement, and that results may vary significantly. The CEO, CFO, or Investor Relations officer then will read the company's quarterly report. Lastly, the call is opened for questions from analysts.

Conference calls are increasingly used in conjunction with web conferences, where presentations or documents are shared via the internet. This allows people on the call to view content such as corporate reports, sales figures and company data presented by one of the participants. The main benefit is that the presenter of the document can give clear explanations about details within the document, while others simultaneously view the presentation.

Conference calls are also beginning to cross over into the world of podcasting and social networking, which in turn fosters new kinds of interaction patterns. Live streaming or broadcasting of conference calls allows a larger audience access to the call without dialing in to a bridge. In addition, organizers of conference calls can publish a dial-in number alongside the audio stream, creating potential for audience members to dial in if and when they wish to interact.

Wells Fargo Credit Card Glossary

2009-02-19T04:46:00.000-08:00

Additional Cards
Cards issued on an account not in the primary or secondary name. Additional cardholders are authorized to charge to the card and make payments. They can also check the balance and available credit on the account. Additional cardholders are not authorized to make changes to the account.

Annual Fee
A fee charged once a year for maintaining an account and for any special services. Many Wells Fargo credit cards have no annual fee.

Annual Percentage Rate (APR)
The periodic rate, expressed as an annual amount, used to compute the finance charge on an outstanding balance.

Authorization
The approval by the credit card issuer for a merchant or another affiliate to complete a credit card transaction.

Automatic Payment
A free service which automatically makes credit card payments by transferring funds from your checking or savings account to your Wells Fargo credit card account. Get details about Wells Automatic Payment.

Available Credit
The amount of unused credit available. Available credit is computed by subtracting the outstanding balance from your total credit line.

Average Daily Balance
The average balance for each day in the billing period, calculated by adding all daily balances together and dividing that total amount by the number of days in the billing period.

Balance
An outstanding amount of money. A checking or savings account balance refers to the amount of money in a particular account. A credit card balance refers to the amount owed. See also Outstanding Balance.

Balance Transfer
Allows you to use the available credit on one credit card and pay off another, ideally with a lower cost. Learn more about balance transfers.

Billing Cycle
The number of days in the billing period. It includes the day after the previous close date through the current closing date of the account.

Cardholder Agreement
The Cardholder Agreement details the Terms and Conditions of your credit card account and includes information such as the rate, fees and other cost information associated with the account.

Cash Advance
You can get a Cash Advance from your account in a variety of ways, including the following: by presenting your Card at a bank that accepts MasterCard or Visa; by using your Card with your credit card Personal Identification Number (PIN) to obtain cash from any Automated Teller Machine (ATM) which displays any of the logos appearing on your Card; by using any Wells Fargo ATM and Check Card linked to your Card to obtain cash from any ATM which displays any of the logos appearing on your Wells Fargo ATM and Check Card; by using the Wells Fargo Online Banking service or through Customer Service; through Overdraft Protection Advances, if you choose that feature as described more fully in the Overdraft Protection Advance section; or by using Cash Advance Checks that are issued in connection with this account. Each Cash Advance that you obtain will accrue Finance Charges from the date the Cash Advance is made - there is no grace period for Cash Advances.

Cash Advance Check
A cash advance check works like a personal check except the amount is charged to your credit card account. This check can be written to your choice of recipients and for any amount up to your available credit limit. These types of checks are posted as cash advances and will accrue Finance Charges from the date the Cash Advance is made - there is no grace period for Cash Advances.

Cash Advance Transaction Finance Charge
A fee assessed on the date a new cash advance transaction is posted to an account.

Credit
Credit is a promise to repay a debt for purchases you make. It allows you to buy something today and pay for it later. Building a good credit history can help you buy a house or even get a job.

Credit Bureau
A credit-reporting agency that checks credit information and keeps files on people who apply for and use credit. The Credit Bureau produces a Credit Report, which is a record of a consumer’s level of indebtedness and bill paying behavior. The agencies compile the report and release it to lenders and others as permitted by law.

Credit Line
Also known as Credit Limit, this is the maximum amount you can carry as the balance on your credit card. If you exceed this amount, an Over-the-Credit-Limit-Fee may be imposed.

Credit Score
Also known as a credit rating. Many lenders use this numeric calculation of your credit report to obtain a fast, objective measure of your credit risk, and consider your score when deciding whether or not to approve a loan.

Finance Charge
Also known as interest, the finance charge is the fee for borrowing money. Finance charges may be imposed when you do not pay off your outstanding balance in full. See Monthly Finance Charge.

Float
When a cardholder makes a purchase or obtains an advance, the transactions may not post for a few days. The charge amount is not added to the balance of the account until the transaction does post. The time between purchase and posting is referred to as the float.

Grace Period
The period between the date of the credit card billing statement and the date payment in full must be received before interest begins to accrue on new purchases.

Interest
Also known as a finance charge, interest is the fee for borrowing money. Interest is listed on your credit card statement as the Monthly Finance Charge.

Interest Rate
The percent, per unit of time, that a bank or financial institution charges a customer for borrowing money. See Annual Percentage Rate.

Introductory Rates
Credit cards often offer lower introductory APRs as special promotional offers. After a period of time, the rate usually returns to the standard rate. It’s important to read the terms and conditions for all credit cards to fully understand how long the introductory rate will last and what the rate will be at the end of the introductory period.

Issuer
An issuer (or issuing member) is a financial institution which issues credit cards such as Visa^® or MasterCard^®.

Late Payment Fee
The charge that may be imposed if the Minimum Monthly Payment is not received by the Payment Due Date.

Linked Account
A Wells Fargo credit card account may be linked to another Wells Fargo account so that funds may be transferred electronically between accounts.

Minimum Finance Charge
If your account is subject to a finance charge, a minimum finance charge may apply. Please refer to your Customer Agreement and Disclosure Statement for the minimum on your specific credit card account.

Monthly Finance Charge
If your credit card balance is not paid in full, you will be charged a Monthly Finance Charge. The charge is calculated on the statement closing date by multiplying the Average Daily Balance on the account by the Monthly Finance Charge rate (the Annual Percentage Rate divided by 12).

Minimum Monthly Payment
The minimum dollar amount that must be paid each month to prevent a credit card account from being delinquent. The amount is based on the percentage of your Outstanding Balance or a minimum fixed amount.

Outstanding Balance
The amount you owe on your credit card. This is the balance used to calculate payments and on which interest is charged.

Overdraft Protection
An Overdraft Protection advance, if you choose this optional feature, is a Cash Advance that is automatically advanced to the checking account linked by you to your Card. We will transfer the exact dollar amount to cover the overdraft, subject to a minimum Overdraft Protection advance amount of $25.00. If the amount of available credit on your Card is less than $25.00, we will transfer the amount of the available credit. Please note that Overdraft Protection advances, as well as applicable Finance Charges, may cause your credit card balance to exceed your credit limit, which can result in the assessment of an overlimit fee. There is a cash advance transaction finance charge associated with the transfer.

Over-the-Credit-Limit-Fee
The fee that may be imposed if your outstanding balance exceeds your credit limit.

Payment Due Date
The date when your payment must reach your bank to avoid a late payment fee (if applicable).

PIN
Personal Identification Numbers (PINs) are secret numbers that customers use to access their accounts via ATMs.

Prime Rate
Most of Wells Fargo's credit cards use the "prime rate" as a base rate (e.g., "prime + 12%"). The prime rate used is taken from the Money Rates column of The Wall Street Journal. The prime rate is merely a base rate used to make loans to certain borrowers. It is not necessarily the lowest or best rate at which loans are made. (The precise manner in which the rate is determined is in our Customer Agreement and Disclosure Statement.)

Purchases
Credit card charges you make at merchants. Purchases usually have a lower APR than cash advances.

Secured Credit Card
A credit card that requires you to pledge collateral to receive credit. With the Wells Fargo Secured Visa Card, your credit line is determined by the amount you deposit into a Collateral Account.

Total Finance Charge
The sum of the Monthly Finance Charge and any Cash Advance Transaction Finance Charges (or the Minimum Finance Charge, if applicable).

Unsecured Credit Card
A credit card that is not secured with collateral. A customer can qualify for unsecured credit based on their credit history and financial strength.

Glenbrook's Payment Glossary

2009-02-19T04:39:00.000-08:00

Word or Phrase	Definition
A2A
ABA	American Bankers Association
ABA Number	See Routing/Transit Number
ACH	The Automated Clearing House
ACH Credit	An ACH transaction originated to pay another party (deposit)
ACH Debit	An ACH transaction originated to debit another party (withdrawal)
ACH Operator	A "hub" that processes ACH transactions between originators (ODFI's) and receivers (RDFI's). Currently, there are two ACH operators in the US: the Federal Reserve and The Clearing House
ACH-Based Electronic Check	A payment that begins as a paper check or other source document is converted into an ACH debit entry
ANSI X12	Standards that regulate electronic data interchange (EDI) as governed by the American National Standards Institute
ARC	Short for "Accounts Receivable Conversion", an ACH transaction code used when certain checks are converted to ACH by the receiver of the check

ATM
ATM Driving
Acceptance
Acquirer Processor	The processor that actually handles merchant payment card transactions. May be the acquirer or may be outsourced by the acquirer to a third-party processor (e.g., First Data, TSYS Acquiring, etc.)
Acquirer, Acquirer Bank	The financial institution the signs merchants for card acceptance, pays the merchant for card payments submitted by the merchant, and is responsible for ensuring merchant compliance with card network regulations
Activation	The process of enabling a card for use. Cards are generally mailed inactive and the cardholder must complete a phone call to the issuer to have the card activated for use.
Addenda Record	An electronic data record which is appended to an ACH payment entry
Address Verification Service (AVS)	A service provided by some payment card networks that enables a merchant to verify the cardholder's address on file with the card issuer. AVS is used by many card not present merchants as a technique to combat fraud.
Address Verification System	A risk management service provided by some card networks for card-not-present transactions
Affinity Card
Aggregation	The combination of separate payment transactions into a single transaction
Annual Percentage Rate (APR)	The yearly interest rate paid on an outstanding balance on a credit card
Authentication
Authorization	For card payments, the process by which a card issuer approves a card transaction as valid; for ACH, the term refers to an agreement between a Receiver and an Originator that allows the Originator to initiate transactions to a Receiver's account
Automated Clearing House	A nationwide electronic funds transfer system that allows participating financial institutions to exchange payments
Auxiliary On-Us Field	An optional line of MICR code at the bottom of a check
Back-Office Conversion (BOC)	An ACH transaction code used when certain checks are converted to ACH
Balance Transfer	The process of moving an upaid credit card balance from one issuing bank to another
Bank Identification Number (BIN)	The first six digits of a payment card number; identifies the network the card belongs to as well as the issuing bank
Bank Routing Number	See Routing Transit Number
Bank of First Deposit
Bankcard	A bank-issued payment card
Banking Day	Any day on which a DFI is ope to the public for carrying on substantially all of its financial functions
Batch	The accumulation of transactions over a period of time, typically a day
Batch Processing	The transmission or processing of a group of related payment instructions
Bill Consolidator	A Bill Service Provider that consolidates bills from other Bill Service Providers or Billers and delivers them for presentment to the Customer Service Provider
Bill Detail	Information from a Biller that provides line level information to a customer. This may include specific billing event information such as credit card charges, telephone calls, or kilowatts used. Also: Invoice Detail
Bill Notification	A process whereby a Customer is notified that an electronic bill is available for review and payment.
Bill Summary	The summary information from a Biller that is essential to a Customer to understand what is owed. Typical information may include; Amount Owed, Date Due, Biller, Biller's Account Number. Also: Summary Record, Summary, Invoice Summary, etc.
Bill/Invoice	An electronic or paper document sent to a customer associated with a payment due.
Biller	A company or organization that sends a Bill, Invoice, or Statement, usually a request for payment for a product or service, to a Customer
Biller Direct
Biller Payment Provider (BPP)	An agent of the Biller that accepts remittance information on behalf of the Biller.
Biller Service Provider (BSP)	An agent of the Biller that provides an EBPP service for the Biller.
Biometric
Blocks	See: Debit Block
Book Entry System	An accounting system that permits the transfer of assets (such as securities) without the physical movement of paper documents or certificates.
Bounce
Browser (Web-browser)	Software program used to view resources on the Internet's World Wide Web
Business Day	A day on which a financial institution is open and performing substantially all of it operations.
Buyer Direct	EIPP model connecting one buyer to many sellers. Sellers post their invoice data to the buyer's site.
CCD	Cash Concentration / Disbursement; a credit or debit ACH entry initiated by an organization to make a payment or to consolidate funds.
CEBP	NACHA's Council for Electronic Billing and Payment
CHIPS
CID	See Card Identification Number
CNP	See Card Not Present
CTR	Customer Transaction Record
CTX	Corporate Trade Exchange - an ACH transaction code used for B2B payments.
CUNA	Credit Union National Association
Capture	(1) The submission of an electronic credit card transaction for financial settlement. Authorized credit card sales must be captured and settled in order for a merchant to receive funds for those sales. Also see Settlement. (2) A term used to describe the image and encoding process for a deposited check, e.g. branch capture or ATM capture.
Card Identification Number (CID)	American Express's implementation of Card Verification Value 2. A four digit number on the front of an American Express card.
Card Not Present (CNP)	That class of payment card transactions where the physical card's magnetic stripe (or chip) is not read at the point of acceptance. Mail Order / Telephone Order (MO/TO) and eCommerce merchants are typically CNP merchants.
Card Validation Code	MasterCard's implementation of Card Verification Value 2. A three digit number printed on the signature panel on the back of the card
Card Verification Value (CVV)	A three digit "hash" encoded on the magnetic stripe of a payment card. Intended to thwart counterfeiting of cards from paper receipts.
Card Verification Value 2 (CVV2)	Visa's implementation. A three digit number printed on the back of the card.
Cardholder	Any person who holds a payment card account
Cardholder Information Security Program (CISP)	Visa's program to set standards for the protection of payment card data. See also Payment Card Industry - Data Security Standard (PCI-DSS)
Cash Advance	A cardholder may obtain cash on the spot (typically from an ATM); typically involves higher fees to the cardholder, interest from the date of cash advance, etc.
Charge Card
Chargeback	A consumer cardholder refusing to pay for a specific purchase results in a chargeback from the issuer to the acquirer/merchant to collect the funds from the merchant's account
Check	A retail payment instrument consisting of a written order from one party (the drawer) to another party (the drawee, normally a bank) requiring the drawee to pay a specified sum on demand to the drawer or to a third party specified by a drawer.
Check 21
Check Authorization	A service that validates check routing numbers and account information to determine if the checkout account is valid. Does not validate that funds are available.
Check Conversion	The process of converting a paper check to an ACH debit or ATM/point-of-sale debit.
Check Debit	An EFT Network service through which a paper check, presented to a merchant or other check acceptor, is converted into a real-time electronic transaction that debits funds for the amount of the check from the accountholder's account and credits those funds to the merchant's or check acceptor's account, provided that the account is valid and has sufficient funds to cover the transaction. Such funds are guaranteed for transactions accepted by the payor bank
Check Digit	A digit, often the final digit of an account number, calculated by applying an algorithm to all or some of the other digits in the account number to test the validity of the whole account number
Check Guarantee	A service that guarantees the checkwriter's payment and assumes the collections risk of check payments for a merchant.
Check Safekeeping	The customer's financial institution keeps the customer's checks, not returning it in the customer's statement. The customer may receive an image of the check in the statement
Check Truncation	The conversion of a check to an electronic debit or image of the check by someone in the payment system other then the paying bank. The transaction may be governed by check law (UCC, Reg CC and Clearing house rules) or by electronic banking law (Electronic Fund Transfer Act)
Check Verification	A service accessing customer and/or account databases through a point of sale system and/or by phone to verify or authorize that the check writer and/or checking account information is valid and/or in good standing.
Chip Card
Clearance	The process of transmitting, reconciling, and in some cases, confirming payments orders or financial instrument transfer instructions prior to settlement
Clearing	A term used in multiple payments systems to refer to processes by which one bank collects payment from another bank as a result of a payment transaction.
Clearing Account	Deposit account held by banks and thrift institutions at the Federal Reserve. Unlike reserve accounts, which institutions are required to maintain, clearing accounts are held if their required reserve balances are not large enough to cover the dollar volume of their check clearing and other transfers of funds through the Federal Reserve
Clearing Corporation (aka Clearinghouse)	A central processing mechanism through which financial institutions agree to exchange payment instructions or other financial obligations (e.g. securities). The institutions settle for items exchanged at a designated time based on the rules and procedures of the clearing corporation. In some cases, the clearing corporation may assume significant counterparty, financial, or risk management responsibilities for the clearing system
Clearing House	The organization that collects, sorts and classifies, and distributes information, usually among a large number of organizations or entities
Co-Brand Card
Composite Receivers File	A directory of all RDFIs served by an ACH Operator.
Consolidator	A Biller Service Provider that consolidates bills from multiple Billers or other Bill Service Providers (BSPs) and delivers them for presentment to the Customer Service Provider (CSP) .
Controlled Disbursement	A bank service provided typically to corporate customers wherein the company is notified early in the day of the dollar amount of items waiting to clear the account later that day; the company funds the account with the exact amount to clear the items.
Corporate Card	A payment card used by authorized employee/cardholders for supplies, travel, and entertainment expenses incurred during the course of business for a company
Correspondent Bank	A bank that holds deposits for other banks and performs services, such as check clearing
Correspondent Banking
Counterfeit
Credit	An entry to the record of an account that represents the transfer or placement of funds into an account.
Credit Cap	Limit on the dollar amount of credit transactions that a company can originate from an account or entity.
Credit Card	A payment card issued to a person for purchasing goods and services and obtaining cash against a line of credit established by the issuer. Credit cards may be of two types: those issued by merchants and vendor (such as a store) and those issued by banks (such as VISA and MasterCard). Cardholders may also be able to receive other bankcard services.
Credit Card Processor	A financial institution or third party that process credit card transactions.
Credit History	Record of how a consumer has paid accounts in the past, used as a guide to determine whether the consumer is likely to pay accounts on time in the future
Credit Line/ Line of Credit	Also referred to as your credit limit. This is the maximum amount you can borrow using your card.
Credit Score	A numerical value computed based on a statistical analysis of a person's credit files, to represent the creditworthiness of that person, which is the likelihood that the person will pay his or her debts in a timely manner
Custodian	An entity, often a bank, that safekeeps securities for its customers and may provide various other services, including clearance and settlement, cash management, foreign exchange, and securities lending.
Customer Service Provider (CSP)	An agent of the Customer that provides an interface directly to customers, businesses or others for bill presentment. CSP enrolls customers, enables presentment and provides customer care, among other functions
DDA
DFI	Depository Financial Institution
Data Encryption Standard (DES)	A technique by which a message is scrambled into an indecipherable stream of bits for transmission.
Data Transmission	The electronic exchange of information between two data processing points (computers).
Day 2 Processing
Daylight Overdraft	A negative position in an institution's Federal Reserve account.
Debit	An entry to request transfer or removal of funds from an account.
Debit Block	Process used to restrict debits to a demand deposit account (generally limited to business accounts).
Debit Cap	Limit on the dollar amount of debit transactions for an account or entity.
Debit Filters	See: Debit Block
Decoupled Debit Card	A payment card that is accepted by merchants as a network-issued debit card but where the funding for the purchase amount is obtained from the consumer's checking account via ACH. Capital One introduced a Decoupled Debit product in June 2007.
Delivery-vs-Payments system (DVP)	Failure to complete a funds or securities transfer according to its terms for reasons that are not technical or temporary, usually as a result of bankruptcy
Depository	A credit that references a previous transaction. The credit amount cannot be more than the credit card was originally billed for.
Depository Financial Institution	A financial institution able to receive deposits from its customers or credits from the Federal Reserve Bank.
Descriptive Statement	A bank account summary that contains information concerning one or more entries for which no separate item is enclosed. ACH entries necessitate some form of descriptive statement unless a substitute enclosure document is produced by the financial institution. Minimum reporting requirements are defined by Regulation E.
Device
Direct Debit	Electronic transfer--usually via ACH--out of an individual's checking (or savings) account to pay recurring bills, such as mortgage payments, insurance premiums and utility payments
Direct Deposit	Electronic deposits or credit--usually via ACH--to an individual's bank account. Common uses of direct deposit include payroll payments, Social Security benefits and income from investments, such as CDs, annuities and mutual funds
Discount Fee
Discount Rate	The percentage of sales amounts that the bankcard acquirer or T&E card issuer charges the merchant for the settlement of the transactions.
Dual Message
Duality
E-check	A generic term for a set of ACH transaction codes, including check to ACH conversion (ARC, POP, BOX); check representment by ACH (RCK) or an ACH debit to a consumer account that is originated on the Internet, at the point of sale, over the telephone, or by a bill payment sent through the email or dropped in an unattended dropbox.
E-commerce	A broad term encompassing the remote procurement and payment by businesses or consumers of goods and services through electronic systems, such as the Internet
EBPP	Electronic Bill Presentment and Payment – The electronic presentation of statements
ECC	Electronic Check Council
ECCHO	Electronic Check Clearing House Organization
ECP	Electronic Check Presentment
ECR
EDI	Electronic Data Interchange
EFT	Electronic Funds Transfer
EIPP	Electronic Invoice Presentment and Payment – In the B2B arena, EIPP is the presentment of an invoice from a seller to a buyer, and corresponding payment from a buyer to a seller
Effective Entry Date	The date placed on an ACH transaction by the originator of the transaction or the ODFI
Electronic Benefits Transfer (EBT)	A type of EFT (see below) system involving the transfer of public entitlement payments, such as welfare or food stamps, via direct deposit or point-of-sale technology (see POS). The recipient can be given an identification card, similar to a benefit card, and a PIN number to allow them to access the benefits through an electronic network
Electronic Bill Presentment and Payment (EBPP)	The electronic presentation of statements, bills, invoices and related information sent by a company to its customers, and corresponding payment for goods or services.
Electronic Check	Refers to several types of electronic transactions. It is a a catch-all term used loosely to refer to any attempt to initiate payment through PCs, the Internet, and computer systems
Electronic Check Council	A membership organization of financial institutions, companies and other interested entities dedicated to improving check clearing and collection. Operated under the auspices of NACHA _ The Electronic Payments Association
Electronic Check Presentment	The electronic transmission of the contents of a cash letter (as captured from the MICR line on each check) to the drawee bank ahead of the physical arrival of the checks actually in the cash letter.
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)	The communication of trade-related information among business partners in a structured, standardized, machine-readable electronic form
Electronic Fund Transfer Act	The law passed by the US Congress in 1978 which set out the rights and obligations of consumers and their financial institutions regarding the use of electronic systems to transfer funds. This act is implemented in the Federal Reserve Bank's Regulation E.
Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT)	A generic term used whenever money is moved without the use of a check or draft.
Electronic Payment	Any non-paper based payment
Emerging Payments
Encryption	A method of changing data into secret code
Enrollment	The process associated with a Customer establishing a relationship with a CSP.
Exception Processing
FDIC
FFIEC
FI	Financial Institution
FMS	Financial Management Service of the US Federal Reserve.
FRB	Federal Reserve Bank
Face to Face
Fedwire	Payment system operated by the Federal Reserve or payment transactions that are electronically initiated and settled on the same day.
Finality	An irrevocable and unconditional transfer of payment which occurs during settlement.
Finance Charges	The price paid to a lender for the use of borrowed money. Interest is charged as a percentage of your outstanding balance (purchases and charges reduced by payments or credits posted). This percentage, or interest rate, can vary from card to card
Financial EDI (FEDI)	An instrument for settling invoices by initiating payments, processing remittance data and automating reconciliation, via the exchange of electronic messages
Financial Institution (FI)	A State or Federally chartered depository institution, such as a bank, savings and loan, credit union
Fixed Rate	A set APR that does not change in response to interest rate changes and conditions. A Variable Rate periodically goes up or down based on fluctuations in market interest rates as reflected in a published index (e.g., the prime rate published in the Wall Street Journal)
Float	Amount of time represented by checks that are in transit between banks for collection. This includes processing and mail time. More generally used within payment systems to describe situations where one party benefits from holding funds for a period of time.
Floor Limit
Follow-on transaction	A transaction that relies on a previous transaction to complete. Dependant credits, captures and voids are follow-on transactions
Foreign Exchange Settlement Risk (aka Herstatt Risk)	The potential loss of principal associated with settling transactions sequentially instead of simultaneously.
Forward Collection	The process of collecting and settling funds for checks (demand instruments) from the Bank of First to Deposit to the Paying Bank.
Fraud Screening/TD
Funds Availability	The time at which funds associated with ACH, cash or check deposits are made available to the account holder
Gateway	An interface to a financial institution that allows the processing of credit card transactions.
Geolocation
Gift Card
Grace Period	A period of time — usually 20-25 days — when you're not charged interest for purchases you've made. For example, if the billing date on your credit card bill is May 1 and you have paid your prior balance in full, you may have until May 20 to pay your new balance in full. If you do, you will not be charged interest. If your payment arrives after May 20 — or if you don't pay the entire balance — you may be charged interest from the date of purchase as posted. Some accounts have no grace period, which means interest is charged on purchases from the date they are posted
Guaranteed Funds	Both sender and receiver know funds are available at the time of payment
HTML	HyperText Markup Language
HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)	A protocol used for the transmission of web pages and other documents and files over the World Wide Web.
ICBA	Independent Community Bankers of America
IFX	Interactive Financial Exchange
ILC
IRD
ISO
ISP	The period of time between the recurring events of updating, invoicing, and charging for services rendered
Image
Interchange	The standardized electronic exchange of financial and non-financial data associated with sale and credit data between merchant acquirers and card issuers on various types of MasterCard and Visa transactions.
Interchange Fee	A fee defined by a payment network which is paid from one bank participant in a transaction to the other bank participant in the transaction. Most typically, it is a fee assessed by card payment networks which requires the acquiring (merchant) bank to pay the issuing (cardholder) bank. In this example, the acquiring bank will always pass the cost on to the merchant. Fees typically vary by payment network, transactiona category, and payment instrument type.
Interoperability	Standards and file formats promoting interaction between systems.
Introductory Period	The time period during which the Introductory Rate applies to balances outstanding on your account.
Introductory Rate	A special APR that applies for only a limited period of time. Sometimes also called a teaser rate.
Invoice (or Billing) Cycle	The period of time between the recurring events of updating, invoicing, and charging for services rendered
Invoice Detail	Standards and file formats promoting interaction between systems.
Invoice Notification	The time period during which the Introductory Rate applies to balances outstanding on your account.
Invoice Summary	A special APR that applies for only a limited period of time. Sometimes also called a teaser rate.
Issuer	The issuing financial institution extends credit to a cardholder through bankcard accounts. The financial institution issues a credit card and bills the cardholder for purchases against the bankcard account. Also referred to as the cardholder's financial institution.
Issuer Reimbursement Fee (IRF)	See: Interchange Fee
Issuing Bank	A financial institution that issues credit cards to consumers on behalf of the card associations. Also know as Card Issuing Bank or Issuer
JCB J/Secure	JCB's implementation of payer authentication. Similar to MasterCard SecureCode and Verified by Visa.
KBA (Knowledge-Based Authentication)
KYC (Know Your Customer)
Large-Value Transfer System	The issuing financial institution extends credit to a cardholder through bankcard accounts. The financial institution issues a credit card and bills the cardholder for purchases against the bankcard account. Also referred to as the cardholder's financial institution.
Legacy System	A financial institution that issues credit cards to consumers on behalf of the card associations. Also know as Card Issuing Bank or Issuer
Lockbox	JCB's implementation of payer authentication. Similar to MasterCard SecureCode and Verified by Visa.
Lockbox Provider	A lockbox provider manages a lockbox for a business, processing incoming payments to streamline operations, decrease float and accelerate check clearing times
MICR	Magnetic Ink Character Recognition
MICR Line	Numbers printed in magnetic ink near the bottom on the front of a check to facilitate automated processing. These numbers identify the financial institution on which the check is drawn, the account at that institution, the amount of the check and other identifying information. The position and content of the MICR line are governed by industry standards
MOTO (or MO/TO)	Mail Order/Telephone Order.
Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR) Line	The characters on the bottom line on the face of a paper check that contains the routing/transit number of the financial institution the check is drawn on, the account number of the drawee (Receiver) and the check number, all printed in machine readable magnetic ink in a font devised for check reading
Magnetic Stripe
Mail Order/Telephone Order (MO/TO)	Credit card transactions initiated via mail, email or telephone orders. Also known as card-not-present transactions
Master Merchant
MasterCard RPPS	Electronic payment network for commercial payments: used in particular for bill payment transactions.
MasterCard SecureCode	MasterCard payer authentication technology that runs on a Web-browser and verifies that a MasterCard cardholder is authorized to use the card. SecureCode qualifies the transaction for a guaranteed payment that protects against cardholder unauthorized chargebacks. PPI BuyerAuth is an optional product feature that implements MasterCard SecureCode, as well as Verified by Visa and JCB J/Secure
Memo Posting	A notation posted to an account which indicates a credit has been received, but has not yet been posted to the account
Merchant	The seller of goods and services
Merchant Account	A financial institution or bank account that is used by a merchant specifically for the purpose of collecting proceeds consumer bank account or credit card payment transactions. A Card Present (CP) merchant account is used by merchants that receive payments in a physical location where payment is physically presented to the merchant by the customer at the time of the transaction. A Card Not Present (CNP) merchant account is where payment is not physically presented to the merchant by the consumer at the time of the transaction.
Merchant Account Provider	A financial institution or bank that provides a financial account to a merchant for the purpose of collecting proceeds from consumer bank account or credit card payment transactions.
Merchant Identification Number (MID)	This number is generated by a processor/acquirer and is specific to each individual merchant location. This number is used to identify the merchant during processing of daily transactions, rejects, adjustments, chargebacks, end-of-month processing fees, etc.
Merchant Processor	A company that handles or provides transaction and sometimes data processing services to merchants (and, possibly, others)
Merchant Support Center	Once merchants are actively processing transactions through our Internet payment gateway, our web-based Merchant Support Center logs all transaction activity so merchants can review transaction details, process batch payments, run voids and captures, and perform statistical analysis
Micropayment
Mobile Banking
Mobile Payments
Money Laundering
Money Transmitter
Multilateral Netting	Multilateral netting is an arrangement among three or more parties to net their obligations. In settlement systems of this type transfers are irrevocable, but are only final after the completion of end-of-day-settlement
NACHA	The national trade association for electronic payment associations, which establishes the rules, industry standards and procedures governing the exchange of commercial ACH payments by depository financial institutions
NACS	National Association for Check Safekeeping
NAFCU	National Association of Federal Credit Unions
NCN	National Check Network
NSF
Near-Field Communications (NFC)
Net settlement	A transfer of funds between parties in cash, negotiable items or on the books of a mutual depository (e.g., the Federal Reserve Bank), to complete one or more prior transactions and made subject to final accounting
Neural Network
No Preset Spending Limit	No Preset Spending Limit rewards consumers who have established a good credit history. The card's spending limit is not predetermined. Instead, it is set by the card's issuer, based on account history, spending patterns, payment history and other personal variables
Non-Qualified Transaction Fees (NON-Qual)	Bankcard sales transactions that do not meet set Visa/MasterCard criteria for that particular merchant and are processed at a higher interchange rate. An example of this is a merchant that is retail (card present) that processes a card-not-present transaction (or manually enters card data rather than swiping the magnetic stripe through the terminal). The merchant will pay the difference between what they should have paid on retail and what they actually qualified for (card not present). This difference is called non-qualified interchange fees.
Notification of Change (NOC)	Notification to a merchant from a receiver's bank indicating that bank account information provided with a specific transaction was incorrect and includes correct information.
ODFI	See: Originating Depository Financial Institution
Off-premise ATM
Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC)
Offline Debit
Online Banking	Online systems allow customers to plug into a host of banking services from a personal computer by connecting with the bank's computers over the Internet.
Online Debit
Open Financial Exchange (OFX)	A standard for the exchange of financial data and instructions independent of a particular network technology or computing platform. Major financial institutions and service providers, enabling electronic exchange of financial data between their customers and themselves, currently implement OFX
Open Loop
Operating Rules
Originating Depository Financial Institution (ODFI)	An ACH term for the bank that delivers an ACH file to the ACH Network. The ODFI submits the transaction on behalf of its customer, the Originator.
Originator	An organization or company that produces an ACH file and delivers it to an ODFI for introduction into the ACH Network.
Overdraft	When the amount of a paid check or other withdrawal exceeds the available balance in a checking account (can result in fees).
Overdraft Fee
P2P
PCI-DSS	See Payment Card Industry-Data Security Standard
PFM	Personal Finance Management or Manager - sometimes used to refer to Intuit's Quicken, Microsoft's Money software, etc
PIN	See Personal Identification Number
PIN-less Debit
POP entry	An ACH debit entry initiated by an Originator pursuant to (1) a single entry authorization, and (2) a source document as set forth in subsection 3.7.1 (Source Documents), provided to the Originator by the Receiver at the point-of-purchase to effect a transfer of funds from a Consumer Account of the Receiver. This type of entry may only be used for non-recurring, in-person (i.e., at the point-of-purchase) entries for which there is no standing authorization with the Originator for the origination of ACH entries to the Receiver's account. POP is a Standard Entry Class Code
POS	See Point of Sale
PPD entry	An ACH credit or debit entry (other than an MTE or POS entry) initiated by an organization pursuant to a standing or a single entry authorization from a Receiver to effect a transfer of funds to or from a consumer account of the Receiver. PPD Credits are most often used for direct deposit of payroll. PPD Debits are most often used for recurring bill payments, such as insurance premiums.
Participating Depository Financial Institution	Any DFI that is authorized by the ACH operator to originate or receive ACH entries.
Patriot Act
Payee Verification	Payee verification is an enhanced security option that expands on Positive Pay software. By verifying the payee name matches the initial Positive Pay report, payee verification ensures payee information has not been altered and reduces the chance of check fraud and loss
Payer Authentication	A means of verifying the identity of a cardholder that is making an online purchase. Payer Authentication products, such as PPI BuyerAuth, implement credit card vendor verification technology, such as MasterCard SecureCode, Verified by Visa, and JCB J/Secure. Merchants using payer authentication are guaranteed payment on authenticated transactions. Payer authentication reduces fraud related losses, such as chargebacks
Payment	A transfer of value.
Payment Authorizations/Instructions	Instructions for routing/posting the payment (e.g. into which bank account payments should be deposited).
Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard	A set of security requirements for the safeguarding of cardholder data in the payments industry. The PCI Data Security Standard consists of 12 main requirements and other sub-requirements that must be followed by merchants and service providers that store, process or transmit credit card information
Payment Cartridge	A payment solution that provides integrated credit card processing to shopping carts and enterprise applications.
Payment Concentration	The process that takes payments from multiple banks and payment networks and consolidates them into one bank
Payment Disputes	Disagreement between financial institutions or within the payment network.
Payment Gateway	Payment Gateway companies help other Processors conduct secure business on the internet using Secure Socket Layer (SSL) technology. They provide a system that passes credit card data, authorization requests, and authorization responses over the Internet using encryption technology
Payment System	A method used to facilitate and process payment.
Payments Gateway	A system of technologies and processes that allow merchants to electronically submit payment transactions to the payment processing networks (i.e., the Credit Card Interchange and the ACH network). Payments Gateways also provide merchants with transaction management, reporting and billing services
Payroll Card
Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE)
Personal Identification Number (PIN)	A code used to authenticate an account holder.
Point of Sale (POS)	Where the purchase occurs
Point-of-Sale (POS) Network	A network of banks, debit cardholders, and merchants that permit consumers to electronically make direct payment at the place of purchase. The funds transfer directly from the account of the cardholder to the account of the merchant
Positive Pay	Positive Pay is a check matching service used by financial institutions to detect and prevent fraud. Businesses provide their financial institution a report of all checks issued, including date, amount and check number. When the issued checks are deposited or cashed, the financial institution compares deposit information to the initial report, and alerts the business of discrepancies. The business that issued the check must approve or deny the payment before the check can clear
Posting	The process of recording debits and credits to account balances.
Prenote (Prenotification)	A zero dollar ACH entry notifying an RDFI that an Originator will send one or more entries to a Receiver's account.
Prepaid Card
Presenting Bank
Private Label Card
Processor	A general term with various meanings depending on the payment system. In card payments, a processor normally handles transaction processing on behalf of either an issuing or acquiring bank.
Procurement Card
Promotional Financing
Pull Payment
Purchasing Card	A payment mechanism used by employee/cardholders to obtain goods and services needed at the company.
Push Payment
RCK	Re-presented Check
RDFI	See: Receiving Depository Financial Institution
RFID
Random Deposit
Real-Time Gross Settlement (RTGS) System	A category of payments system. A system is said to operate in real-time if each payment is processed as it is initiated--which provides immediate finality--rather than in batch. This serves to reduce Herstatt Risk. Gross settlement refers to the settlement of each transfer individually rather than netting. Fedwire uses a real-time gross settlement system.
Real-Time Processing	Real-Time Processing means that when a web site's customer conducts an online purchase, that the check or credit card information is conveyed to the Processor at that exact time so that an authorization can be requested and received at that moment. Real-Time Processing always implies that a Secure Payment Gateway is being utilized, whether proprietary or third party
Real-time	The processing of instructions on an individual basis at the time they are received rather than at some later time.
Receiver	An individual, corporation or other entity who has authorized a company or an Originator to initiate a credit or debit entry to a transaction account held at an RDFI
Receiving Depository Financial Institution (RDFI)	A financial institution that receives ACH entries directly, or indirectly through a third party, from an ACH Operator
Recurring Payments	Payments that occur at set intervals.
Regional Payments Association	An organization formed by DFIs to regulate and support the exchange of electronic transactions.
Regulation CC	The regulation published by the Federal Reserve Board to implement the law which mandates the time limits for funds availability on deposited items.
Regulation E	The regulation published by the Federal Reserve Board to implement the Electronic Fund Transfer Act mandating consumer rights and obligations with regard to electronic fund transfers.
Regulation J
Regulation Z
Reload
Remittance
Remittance Data	Information supplied along with a payment describing what the payment is for. Used both in consumer bill payment and in B2B trade payments.
Remote Deposit Capture (RDC)
Reserve Account	A non-interest earning balance that depository institutions maintain with the Federal Reserve Bank or with a correspondent bank to satisfy the Fed's reserve requirements. Reserve account balances play a central role in the exchange of funds between depository institutions.
Reserve Requirements	The percentage of deposits that a bank or other depository institution may not lend out or invest and must hold either as vault cash or on deposit at a Federal Reserve Bank. Reserve requirements affect the potential of the banking system to create transaction deposits.
Retailer/Merchant	An individual or company that sells goods or commodities to consumers, including those who accept payments at manned bill payment locations (usually referred to as billers)
Return Processing	The process of returning and settling funds for checks (demand instruments) that were dishonored by the RDFI (Paying Bank) and returned to the ODFI (Bank of First Deposit).
Returned Item	An ACH entry that has been rejected by a RDFI because it cannot be posted (i.e. account closed, no account, NSF, etc.)
Returns	Any entry that cannot be processed and is being returned by the RDFI to the ODFI for correction or reinitiation.
Reversals	An ACH entry or file sent with required deadlines to correct or reverse a previously originated duplicate or erroneous entry or file
Rewards Card
Rewards Program	A point accumulating program based on purchases or transactions made on your card. These points can be redeemed for the particular program you enrolled in (e.g. airline, gasoline, etc.) Rewards programs may be offered by merchants, by banks, or by third parties. Rewards programs are most typically tied to a single payment instrument.
Routing Number Administrative Board	The cross-industry board sponsored by the American Bankers Association which defines and administers all policies regarding routing/transit numbers.
Routing/Transit Number	Also known as Routing Number, Transit/Routing Number and ABA number. A nine digit number (eight digits plus a check digit) which identifies a specific financial institution. Routing numbers are administered by the Routing Number Administrative Board under the sponsorship of the American Bankers Association and officially maintained and published by Thomson Financial Publishing
SMS
SWIFT	The Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication - an international bank funds transfer and messaging system
Secure Vault Payments (SVP)
Secured Cards	Secured cards are for those with little or no credit history. This type of card requires that a security deposit be made in order to establish a credit line. Your credit line will typically be equal to the amount of your deposit.
Security Printing
Seller	A biller or vendor. An entity providing product or services.
Seller Direct	EIPP model connecting one seller to many buyers. Buyers connect to the seller's site to view invoices.
Sending Point	A processing site that sends entries to an ACH operator on behalf of an ODFI.
Settlement	The final step in the transfer of ownership involving the physical exchange of securities or payment. In a banking transaction, settlement in the process of recording the debit and credit positions of the parties involved in a transfer of funds; in a financial instrument transaction, settlement includes both the transfer of securities by the seller and the payment by the buyer. Settlements can be "gross" or "net." Gross settlement means each transaction is settled individually. Net settlement means that parties exchanging payments will offset mutual obligations to deliver identical items, at a specified time, after which only one net amount of each item is exchanged
Settlement date	The date on which the parties to a transaction agree that settlement is to take place.
Signature Debit
Similarly Authenticated	An authentication standard that allows written and signed authorizations to be obtained in electronic form. To meet the requirement of "in writing," an electronic authorization must be viewable on a computer screen or other display method that will allow the consumer to be able to ready the authorization
Single Message
Smart Card	A card with a computer chip that may be used to authenticate the user, store value, or provide other functions.
Standard Entry Class (SEC) Code	A three-letter code that uniquely identifies the class of ACH transaction. For example, "POP" stands for "Point of Purchase"
Statement/Notice	An electronic or paper document sent to a customer/agent that does not have a payment due associated with it.
Surcharge
TEL	A single-entry ACH debit initiated by an Originator pursuant to an oral authorization obtained over the telephone to effect a transfer of funds from a consumer account of the Receiver
TRC (Truncated (Check) Entry)	An ACH entry which originally represented a check, in which the actual check is safekept by one of the financial institutions in the chain of deposit and the MICR information is converted to an electronic entry and processed through the ACH network back to the issuing institution
TRX (Truncated (Extended) (Check) Entry)	A series of TRC entries put together as addenda records with the payment item representing the total settlement of the TRC entries for that batch. TRC is a Standard Entry Class Code
Terminal
Terminal Identification Number (TID)	A unique number assigned to each point-of-sale or virtual terminal.
Thick Consolidation	For bill presentment, a type of third party consolidation where both the bill summary and bill detail are available on the consolidator's web server.
Thin Consolidation	For bill presentment, a type of third party consolidation where the bill summary is available at the consolidator's web server and the bill detail is available at the Biller's web server.
Third Party Processor	A party which processes ACH files and/or items on behalf of one of the participants in the ACH system. Examples of third party processors are payroll processing companies which create ACH files for transmission to the ACH Operators on behalf of an originator or ODFI, a data processing company which receives incoming ACH files and processes them for an RDFI, or a correspondent bank which processes ACH files for its correspondents
Transit Routing Number	See Routing/Transit Number
Travel & Entertainment Card ("T&E")	Type of Corporate Card.
Truncation	See Check Truncation.
UN/EDIFACT	The United Nation's body that sets and administers international standards for Electronic Data Interchange usage.
UPIC (Universal Payment Identification Code)	A substitute bank routing number and account number used with ACH payments. Allows receivers of ACH payments to provide originators with a number other than their "real" bank account. The ACH operator maps the UPIC to the "real" number.
Unbanked
Uniform Commercial Code	The body of law governing commercial transactions in the United States
Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) Article 3,4, 4A	Article 4A covers certain funds transfers, including ACH credit transactions not subject to the Electronic Funds Transfer Act.
Velocity Monitoring
Verified by VISA (VBV)	VBV enabled credit cards have a unique password associated with them to provide additional on-line fraud protection. Visa's implementation of payer authentication similar to MasterCard SecureCode and JCB J/Secure.
Virtual Card
Virtual Terminal	A Web-based credit terminal that performs the same processing functions as a physical point-of-sale terminal. A merchant logs on to a secure web page, enters credit card information into a Web form, and submits the transaction data for processing. PPI's VirtualPay and VirtualPay POS are virtual terminals.
Visa ePay	Electronic payment network for commercial payments
Void	A charge type that cancels a previous transaction. That transaction will not appear on the buyer's credit card bill.
Warehousing	The ability of an ODFI to receive a file from an originator prior to the Effective Entry Date and hold it for release to the ACH operator or for a RDFI to receive entries ahead of the Settlement Date and hold them without posting until the Settlement Date.
Web	An ACH debit entry initiated by an Originator pursuant to an authorization that is obtained from the Receiver via the Internet to effect a transfer of funds from a consumer account of the Receiver.
Wholesale Payments	Large-value payments used primarily in the financial markets.
XCK entry	A debit entry initiated in the event an item eligible for section 2.7 (Destroyed Check Entries) is contained within a cash letter that is lost, destroyed, or otherwise unavailable to and cannot be obtained by an ODFI. XCK is a Standard Entry Class Code.
XML	Extensible MarkUp Language
Zero Liability	Policy of some card networks that protects consumers so that they pay only for purchases which they have authorized

Database

2009-02-17T02:25:00.001-08:00

Access 2000, Access 2003, Access Database, Access reports, BLOB, CASE statement, CLOB, Clustering, CSV, Data structures, Database administration, Database backup and recovery, Database connectivity, Database design, Database issues, Database management, Database migration, Database mirroring, Database performance and tuning, Database replication, DB2, DB2 administration, DB2 Everyplace, DB2 Implementation, DB2 Universal Database, DB2 Web Query, DBA, DDL, Embedded SQL, Flat files, Indexes, INSERT statement, IT careers, JDBC, JOIN statement, Microsoft Access, Microsoft Access import/export, MySQL, ODBC, Primary keys, QMF, Query Management Facility, Query optimization, SELECT, SQL queries, Sybase, tables, Triggers, Very Large Databases, Data Junction, Developer 2000, Enterprise Manager, Hyperion, JD EDWARDS, JDE, Oracle 10, Oracle 10g, Oracle 11g, Oracle 6i, Oracle 8i, Oracle 9, Oracle 9i, Oracle administration, Oracle Application Server, Oracle backup, Oracle Business Applications, Oracle certifications, Oracle connectivity, Oracle Database, Oracle Database Versions, Oracle Developer 2000, Oracle developers, Oracle development, Oracle E-Business Suite, Oracle Enterprise Manager, Oracle error messages, Oracle Forms, Oracle Forms 6i, Oracle import/export, Oracle installation, Oracle interoperability, Oracle migration, Oracle performance, Oracle queries, Oracle Recovery Manager, Oracle reporting, Oracle Reports, Oracle Reports 6i, Oracle SQL, Oracle stored procedures, Oracle Table, Oracle upgrades, Oracle Views, PeopleSoft, PL/SQL, PL/SQL block, PL/SQL error messages, RMAN

Windows

2009-02-15T09:42:00.001-08:00

Access 2007, Active Directory, , Batch files, Browsers, Desktop management applications, Desktops, Domain Controller, Domain management, Enterprise Desktop, Excel 2003, Excel 2007, GPO, Group Policy, Help Desk, IE7, IIS, Installation, Internet Explorer, MCSE, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Office, Microsoft Systems Management Server, Microsoft Word, Migration, Office 2003, Office 2007, PC/Windows Connectivity, PDF, Printers, Printing, Registry, Remote management, Scripting, Shared folders, SharePoint, SharePoint 2007, Training, Vista, Vista compatibility, Windows, Windows 2000 desktop, Windows 2000 Server, Windows client administration and maintenance, Windows Server 2003, Windows Server 2008, Windows Vista, Windows XP, Word 2007

Linux

2009-02-15T09:41:00.000-08:00

Bash, Cacti, CentOS, Debian, Fedora 9, Fedora Linux, Grep, HP-UX, KSH, Linux administration, Linux administration and management, Linux backup software, Linux certifications, Linux Commands, Linux databases, Linux desktop environment, Linux Distributions, Linux security, Linux servers, Linux shared folders, Linux versus Windows, Novell Netware, OpenOffice, PuTTY, Red Hat, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Red Hat Enterprise Server, Red Hat Linux, Redhat Linux, RHEL, Samba, Shell commands, Shell scripts, Shells, Solaris 10, Squid, Squid configuration, SSH, SUSE, SUSE Linux, SUSE Linux Enterprise Server, SUSE Linux Standard Server, Ubuntu, Ubuntu 8, Ubuntu 8.04, Ubuntu Linux, Unix, Unix administration, Unix shells

Data Center

2009-02-10T03:43:00.001-08:00

390, 5250 session, AIX, Availability, Blade servers, Capacity planning, CICS, COBOL, configuration, Data Center, Data center cooling, Data center design, Data center design and infrastructure, Data Center management, Data center operations, Data center planning, Dell, Fire suppression, FM-200 Fire Suppression Systems, Hardware, Hewlett-Packard, Hewlett-Packard Application Server, IBM, Intel, IPL, IT architecture, IT jobs, JCL, Mac, Mac OS X, Mainframe, Maintenance, Manufacturing applications, Novell, OS/390, Physical security, Power management, Server management, Server Performance, Servers, Solaris, System monitoring, Systems management software, Unix Servers, UPS, Vendor support, Vendors, z/OS, zSeries

Data Management

2009-02-10T03:41:00.001-08:00

AutoCAD, Business Intelligence, Business Objects, CA View, CMS, Content management applications, Corporate Financial Applications, Crystal Reports, Crystal Reports 10, Crystal Reports 11, Crystal Reports 2008, Crystal Reports 8, Crystal Reports 8.5, Crystal Reports 9, Crystal Reports Errors, Crystal Reports formulas, Crystal Reports printing, Crystal Reports Subreport, Crystal Reports XI, Data analysis, Data management and storage, Data migration, Data mining/analysis, Data Replication, Data transfer, Data warehouse, Data warehousing applications, Data warehousing/Business intelligence, Data/Application Integration, Database Management Systems, DBMS, Documentum, Duplicate records, EDI, Export, File transfers, Financial services applications, iDoc, Informatica, Integration with other platforms, Integration/Connectivity, JasperServer, Knowledge management applications, Livelink, Microsoft Dynamics, NetApp, ODS (Operational Data Store), Reports, SPSS

AS/400

2009-02-10T03:40:00.001-08:00

AS/400 administration, AS/400 backup, AS/400 careers, AS/400 Client Access, AS/400 database, AS/400 DB2, AS/400 development, AS/400 error messages, AS/400 errors, AS/400 FTP, AS/400 import/export, AS/400 performance, AS/400 printing, AS/400 Query, AS/400 security, AS/400 user profiles, BRMS, CL, CL programming, CL/400, Client Access, CLLE, CLP, COBOL/400, CPYTOIMPF, DB2/400, DDS, i5, IFS, iSeries, iSeries development, Logical partitions, OS/400, OVRDBF, PF/LF, Physical files, PTFs, RPG, RPG ILE, RPG IV, RPG/400, RPGILE, RPGLE, Spool files, Subfile, System i, V5R2, V5R3, V5R4

Server Virtualization

2009-02-06T09:08:00.000-08:00

Server Virtualization

Citrix, Citrix Presentation Server, Citrix Server, Citrix XenServer, ESX 3.5, ESX Server, Hyper-V, Managing virtual environments, Microsoft Virtual PC, Microsoft Virtual Server, Server Virtualization, VCB, Virtual Machines, Virtual Network Computing, Virtual OS, Virtual Server, Virtual Server 2005, Virtual Servers, VirtualCenter, Virtualization and hardware, Virtualization and the hypervisor, Virtualization how-tos, Virtualization platforms, Virtualization ROI/TCO, Virtualization strategies, Virtualization technologies, VM, VMotion, VMware, VMware configuration, VMware error messages, VMware ESX, VMware ESX 3.5, VMWare ESXi, VMware ESXi Installation, VMware infrastructure, VMware Infrastructure 3, VMWare License, VMware Management Interface, VMware on Linux, VMware Player, VMware Server, VMWare Server 2.0, VMware snapshots, VMWare Virtual Center, VNC, Xen, XenServer, Xenserver 5

Asbestos Cancer

2009-02-04T05:07:00.000-08:00

Asbestos Related Disorders

What is asbestos?
Asbestos is a family of naturally occurring silica compounds (similar to, but not the same as, the silica of window glass and computer chips). These substances form fibers with varying shapes and sizes and are found throughout the earth. There are three commonly available types of asbestos; chrysotile (white asbestos), amosite (brown asbestos), and crocidolite (blue asbestos). All three have been associated with cancerous and non-cancerous lung disease.

Asbestos has been used frequently in a variety of building materials for insulation and as a fire retardant. Today, it is found most commonly in older homes - in pipes, furnaces, shingles, millboard, textured paints, coating materials, and floor tiles.

What are the types of asbestos-related lung disease?
Lung disease from exposure to asbestos can be divided into three main types; asbestosis, disease of the lining of the lung (pleura), and lung cancer. Asbestosis is a process of widespread scarring of the lungs. Disease of the lining of the lungs, called the pleura, has a variety of signs and symptoms and is the result of inflammation and the hardening (calcification) and/or thickening of the lining tissue. The third type of lung disease is cancer, either of the internal portions of the lungs or the outer lining (pleura). All of the commonly available commercial forms of asbestos have been linked to cancerous and non- cancerous lung disease.

Asbestos-related lung disease occurred at very high rates towards the middle of the 20th century, when patients who were exposed decades earlier eventually developed disease. British asbestos workers were among the first who were observed to have lung cancer related to asbestos. Most current patients were once exposed to asbestos in mines, mills, factories, or homes with asbestos, either in the process of carrying, installing, or removing asbestos, or while cleaning items laden with asbestos dust. Some workers in automotive repair, boilermaking, construction, and pipefitting, as well as launderers of asbestos- containing clothing, have been exposed to high concentrations of asbestos. Continuing sources of exposure are the asbestos removal and general construction industries. The delay between exposure to asbestos and the development of cancer is generally 20 or more years.

The number of deaths from asbestosis has increased over the past two decades, but is felt to have plateaued - likely because of increased awareness of the risks.

Hello World

2009-02-01T07:14:00.000-08:00

Hello everybody, welcome to my new world.
It's a Denzakuniya World which I dedicate just for you to get a new fresh daily improvement.

Love and peace